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| Disease |
Antigen |
Enzyme action |
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| Addison's disease |
21-Hydroxylase (21-OH) |
Steroid hormone synthesis |
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| Addison's disease with POF |
21-Hydroxylase (21-OH) |
Steroid hormone synthesis |
| Side-chain cleavage enzyme (SCC) |
Steroid hormone synthesis |
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| APS I |
17α-hydroxylase (17α-OH) |
Steroid hormone synthesis |
| Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC) |
Monoaminergic and serotonergic biosynthetic pathways |
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| Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) |
Rate-limiting enzyme in catecholamine biosynthesis |
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| Tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH) |
Rate limiting enzyme in the synthesis of serotonin |
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| APS II |
21-Hydroxylase (21-OH) |
Steroid hormone synthesis |
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Description of important autoantigens in Addison's disease, Addison's disease with premature ovarian failure (POF), APS I and APS II. Patients with Addison's disease generally display autoantibodies to the enzyme 21-OH restricted to the adrenal cortex, while most of the patients with APS I show autoantibodies to SCC, located both in the adrenal cortex and steroid producing cells in the gonads, reflecting the risk of developing ovarian failure. In addition patients with Addison's disease and POF, also show antibodies directed against SCC (13). TPH is found as an intestinal autoantigen in APS I patients with intestinal dysfunction (14) and TH autoantibodies are correlated to alopecia areata in these patients (15). | ||
Stenberg et al. Journal of Negative Results in BioMedicine 2007 6:10 doi:10.1186/1477-5751-6-10 |
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